Spainish. Present Subjunctive after que

The present subjunctive in Spanish has many subleties and nuances but there are also some simple rules as to its use in certain situations.

These rules and examples relate to the present subjunctive in clauses introduced with que.

Phrases making judgements

Phrases making judgements such as it is doubful that/it is good that/it is untrue that etc are all followed by the present subjunctive, as are phrases expressing need.

Es dudoso que ... It is doubtful that ...
Es mentira que ... It is untrue that ...
Es preciso que ... It is essential that ...
Es conveniente que ... It is useful that ...
Es natual que ... It is natural that ...
Es importante que ... It is important that ...
Es importante que veas It is important (that) you see
Es necessario que ... It is necessary that ...
Es obvio que ... It is obvious ...
Es obvio que no sigues las instrucciones. It is obvious that you don't follow instructions.

Es necessario que lo hagas. It is necessary that you do it.

Emotional reactions

Emotional reactions followed by que require the subjunctive.

Me sorprende que... It surprises me that...
Me asombra que... It amazes me that...
Siento mucho que... I'm sorry that...
Me preocupa que... It worries me that...
Me irrita que... It irritates me that...

Me irrita que lo hagas. It irritates me that you do it.

Doubt, while not strictly an emotional reaction, also requires the subjunctive.

Dudo que... I doubt that...

Dudo que vayas. I doubt (that) you (will) go.

Wanting, desiring or preferring someone to do something

Phrases where one person wants another to do something use the subjunctive.

Quiero que... I want ...
Quiero que me contestes I want you to answer me.
Quiero que vayas I want you to go
Deseo que... I want/desire ...
Deseo que no digas tantas cosas I don't want you to say such things
Necesito que... I need ...
Prefiero que... I prefer ...
Prefiere que su amiga no lo llame He prefers that ...

And in a negative sense

No me gusta que... I don't like (that) ...

Denial

Denying the truth of a statement, fact or opinion.

No creo que ... I don't believe that ...
No creo que sea possible I don't believe (that) it is possible
No creo que te den muchos I don't believe (that) they will give you much
No parece que ... It doesn't seem that ...
No es que ... It isn't that ...
No es verdad que ... It isn't true that ...

If you are stating a fact, e.g. that someone doesn't believe something, then this isn't a denial and doesn't need the subjunctive. E.g. No crees que hay autobus.

Telling, suggesting

Anytime you tell someone what to do or recommend a course of action (after que), use the subjunctive.

Sugiero que ... I recommend that ...
Prohibo que ... I don't allow ...
Sugieres que lo hagamos? Do you recommend/suggest that we do it?

Possibility

It is possible/probable that and so on.

Es posible que ... It is possible that ...
Es probable que ... It is probable that ...